Fifth Wave: Anger
Raudra-rasa
nītā krodha-ratiḥ puṣṭiṃ vibhāvādyair nijocitaiḥ |
hṛdi bhakta-janasyāsau raudra-bhakti-raso bhavet ||4.5.1||
“When krodha-rati is nourished in the devotee’s heart by vibhāvas and other elements suitable to himself, it becomes raudra-bhakti-rasa.”
kṛṣṇo hito’hitaś ceti krodhasya viṣayas tridhā |
kṛṣṇe sakhī-jaraty-ādyāḥ krodhasyāśrayatāṃ gatāḥ |
bhaktāḥ sarva-vidhā eva hite caivāhite tathā ||4.5.2||
“There are three viṣayas for krodha-rati: Kṛṣṇa, friendly persons and unfriendly persons. All types of devotees such as the sakhīs and elderly women are āśrayas for krodha directed toward Kṛṣṇa, and for krodha directed against the friendly or unfriendly.”
||4.5.3||
Sakhīs’ anger at Kṛṣṇa:
“The sakhīs will manifest anger towards Kṛṣṇa when their leader experiences great alarm caused by Kṛṣṇa.”
||4.5.4||
An example from Vidagdha-mādhava [2.37]:
“Today we will die, being afflicted by such great suffering. Kṛṣṇa cannot stop His cheating smiles. O intelligent Rādhā! Why were You in so much love with the lusty cowherd Kṛṣṇa covered with so much deceit?”
||4.5.5||
Anger of old women:
“Old women become angry with Kṛṣṇa when they see Him associating with women.”
||4.5.6||
Govardhana’s mother:
“Young thief! I clearly see a woman’s shawl on Your chest. Why are You denying this? People of Vraja! Hear my shouting! Can you not hear? The son of Nanda set fire to my son’s house.”
||4.5.7||
“Except for strong Govardhana (Candrāvalī’s husband) all the inhabitants of
Vraja possess the highest stage of rati for Govinda.”
||4.5.8||
“There are three kinds of friendly persons who become objects of anger: anavahita (inattentive), sāhasī (rash) and īrṣyu (spiteful).”
||4.5.9||
The inattentive person:
“Those who are responsible for protecting Kṛṣṇa but, because of being absorbed in some service, become careless in their duties are called anavahita (inattentive).”
||4.5.10||
An example:
“Oh! You have fainted! Get up, and do not delay uselessly. You think yourself so skillful in teaching your son! O friend! Your bound-up son is moving between the two broken arjuna trees.”
||4.5.11||
The rash person:
“A person who sends Kṛṣṇa to a dangerous place, thinking Him to be strong, is called sāhasī (rash).”
||4.5.12||
“ ‘Kṛṣṇa has gone to Tālavan on the instructions of His dear friends.’ Hearing this, Yaśodā began staring at the faces of the boys while her eyebrows moved up and down with a frown.”
||4.5.13||
Spiteful persons:
“The woman with abundant pride and deep malice is called īrṣyu (spiteful)”
||4.5.14||
An example:
“O Rādhā! You were agitated by the churning rod of indignation. What shall I say to You? Go away! I am burning up just being near You! Though the peacock feather decorating Kṛṣṇa’s hair was fanning the tips of Your toes when He bowed down to You, You were red-faced with anger.”
||4.5.15||
Unfriendly persons:
“There are two types of unfriendly persons: those unfriendly to oneself and those unfriendly to Kṛṣṇa.”
||4.5.16||
“Those who act as an obstacle for attaining Kṛṣṇa are unfriendly to oneself.”
||4.5.17||
From Uddhava-sandeśa:
“O Akrūra! Look closely! When you mount your chariot and go to Mathurā, millions of our life airs will also depart. O merciless one, Akrūra! You are cruel, forcibly taking Kṛṣṇa away from Vraja. Do not destroy respect for the Yadu dynasty!”
||4.5.18||
“Those who are enemies of Kṛṣṇa are called unfriendly to Kṛṣṇa.”
||4.5.19||
An example:
“Bhīma, forcefully placing his left foot, fearful as the punishment of Yama, on top of Śiśupāla’s crown, kicked him decisively three times. This Śiśupāla had insulted the Lord whose lotus feet are lit by and worshiped with the rays emanating from the crest jewels of the Vedas (the Upaniṣads).”
||4.5.20||
“In raudra-bhakti-rasa, the uddīpanas for becoming angry are sarcastic laughs, deceptive speaking, frowns and disrespect expressed by various enemies of Kṛṣṇa and by friendly persons.”
||4.5.21|| ||4.5.22||||4.5.23||
“The anubhāvas of raudra-bhakti-rasa are wringing the hands, grinding the teeth, reddening of the eyes, biting the lips, deeply contracting the brows, flinging the arms, beating others, silence, hanging the head down, heavy breathing, glancing with hostility, cursing, shaking the head, having the edges of the eyes turn pink, frowning, and quivering of the lower lip. All of the sāttvika-bhāvas such as paralysis manifest.”
||4.5.24||
“Typical vyabhicārī-bhāvas are āvega, jaḍata, garva, nirveda, moha, cāpalya, asūyā, augrya, amarṣa and śrama.”
||4.5.25|| ||4.5.26||
“In raudra-bhakti-rasa, krodha-rati is the sthāyī-bhāva. It has three types: kopa, manyu and roṣa. Kopa is anger directed toward enemies. Manyu is anger directed toward one’s friends. Friends are of three types: superior, equal and inferior. Roṣa is a woman’s anger directed toward Kṛṣṇa. This actually becomes a vyabhicārī-bhāva in madhura-rasa.”
||4.5.27||
“The anubhāvas of kopa are wringing the hands and other actions. The anubhāvas of manyu are silence and other actions, and the anubhāvas of roṣa are the edges of the eyes turning pink.”
||4.5.28||
Kopa against an enemy:
“When crazy Jarāsandha, surrounding Mathurā, hurled unspeakable abuses at Kṛṣṇa, who possesses unfathomable strength in battle, Balarāma, with eyes as red as burning coals, glanced at His plow capable of devouring the flesh of a multitude of enemies.”
||4.5.29||
Manyu against elders, from Vidagdha-mādhava [2.22]:
“O angry mother! When I shout to call someone, strong Kṛṣṇa immediately covers My mouth with His soft hand. When I try to flee in fear, He stretches His arms and blocks the path. When I bite My lower lip in anger, He falls down at My feet repeatedly. Please tell Me, how can I protect Myself from Kṛṣṇa?”
||4.5.30||
Manyu against equals:
Jaṭilā: “Ugly-faced Mukharā! Hearing your words the core of my life is burning up.”
Mukharā: “O Jaṭilā! Hearing your words, my head is burning up. Tell me, fool, when did Kṛṣṇa arrogantly touch my grand-daughter?”
||4.5.31||
Manyu against inferiors:
“Hey everyone! Look! This attractive necklace from Kṛṣṇa’s throat looks so nice on Rādhā’s breast! Aagh! This little girl, a black sprout in my family, is cheating me with duplicity.”
||4.5.32||
“Rati (love for Kṛṣṇa) does not clearly manifest in this manyu (anger against friends). Thus, manyu is discussed here just to give examples.”
||4.5.33||
“The inherent anger of enemies like Śiśupāla, being devoid of rati, does not become bhakti-rasa.”
iti śrī-śrī-bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhāv uttara-vibhāge
gauṇa-bhakti-rasa-nirūpaṇe raudra-bhakti-rasa-laharī pañcamī ||
“Thus ends the Fifth Wave of the Northern Ocean of Śrī Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, concerning raudra-bhakti-rasa.”